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Decimal

Decimal (ticker DEL) is a (DPoS) and token constructor that lets users create their own custom coins and tokens without programming skills. The network's main chain launched on August 1, 2020, and it was developed by the teams behind the BitTeam and Crypton projects.[1] Built on the Cosmos SDK with Core as its consensus engine, Decimal is operated by DECIMAL PTE. LTD., a company registered in Singapore (company number 202037249R) at 400 Orchard Road #05-25, Orchard Towers.[2] DEL is the network's native and reserve coin, required to pay , create tokens, and delegate to .[1]​

Overview

Decimal is described by its own documentation as a third-generation that gives users out-of-the-box functionality, so that a person needs only to generate a wallet to send or receive tokens.[2] Its distinguishing feature is a "constructor" model: any entrepreneur can issue and manage a custom , and every created coin is backed by a DEL reserve that gives it instant liquidity and a mathematically determined price.[4]​[3] Beyond ordinary fungible coins, the network supports illiquid coins, , (NFTs) and semi-fungible tokens (SFTs).[1]​

Because it is built on the Cosmos SDK and , Decimal positions itself as compatible with the Cosmos network and its Inter-Blockchain Communication (IBC) standard. Applications, contracts and tokens created on Decimal are said to interact with networks such as , Binance Smart Chain (BSC), , and .[4] The 2022 stated that Cosmos then had more than 100 projects, 49 of which were already communicating via IBC.[2]​

The company describes the platform's real-world applicability across a wide set of use cases: of assets, instant payments, loyalty-program points and cashback services, user identification, confirmation of ownership and document authenticity, supply-chain tracking, "honest algorithms" for gambling, automatic execution of contracts, fair voting and lending.[1]​

History

The Decimal main network went live on August 1, 2020, launched by the development teams of BitTeam and Crypton, with DEL as its base decentralized .[1] At launch the network offered coin creation, coin sending, minting and burning, delegation, creation and repayment of receipts (checks), and management.[2]​

Functionality expanded steadily through the following year. Voting on network improvements was introduced in January 2021; cross-chain swaps allowing coin transfers between Decimal, and Binance Smart Chain arrived in May 2021; public NFTs launched in June 2021; and private , viewable in full only by their owner, followed in October 2021.[2] By August 2022, the project reported that its network had operated for two years, had survived several , and was growing in unique addresses and delegated coins.[2]​

In its second (version 2.0, 2022) the team wrote that its conservative first white paper had achieved its goals and that it was now pursuing larger ambitions, chiefly the move to through an integrated module.[2] On its sixth anniversary, August 1, 2026, the project summarized its sixth year as encompassing EVM migration, a rebase, 17% community growth and new independent services.[5]​

Technology and Architecture

Consensus and Nodes

Decimal runs on e, using Core for consensus (a practical , or pBFT, engine) together with the Application BlockChain Interface (ABCI), which allows transactions to be processed in any programming language.[6] Byzantine fault tolerance is said to guarantee correct operation as long as at least two-thirds of behave correctly; a requires at least two-thirds of total votes to be approved, and each 's vote strength equals its stake measured in DEL.[2] The core software is written in Golang, with TypeScript used for backend modules (Workers and Indexer) and ElectronJS for the desktop wallet.[6]​

The network distinguishes two types: masternodes (full validator nodes) and regular nodes. A masternode stores a full replica of the from the and requires 4 GB of RAM, a 1 TB solid-state drive and a 64-bit 2.0 GHz quad-vCPU processor.[6] The economics guide estimated the mid-2020 cost of such hardware in Russia at roughly 22,000 rubles plus a motherboard, or about 55 euros per month using a cloud host such as Hetzner.[7] The network launched with four validators and twelve additional slots for a maximum of sixteen, with four more validators added each calendar month as the network grew.[6]​

Blocks are generated approximately every 5.5 to 6 seconds, and each block may contain between zero and 10,000 transactions of roughly 180 bytes each.[6] Validator and delegator rewards are calculated and paid every 120 blocks.[7]​

Slashing and Security

​ face two forms of penalty, both of which are burned rather than redistributed, thereby reducing total DEL supply. A validator that is unavailable for 12 of the last 24 loses 1% of its total stake and is shut down. A validator that signs two different blocks of equal height — an attempt to fraudulently the chain — is fined 5% of its combined stake, its coins are forcibly split, and all delegated coins are returned to their owners.[6] Because the penalty is calculated on the combined stake including delegated funds, the project argues that larger delegations make an attack proportionally more expensive.[1] The chain uses SHA-256 hashing from the SHA-2 family.[1]​

Addresses and Wallets

Decimal uses the Bech32 address format (BIP 173), producing lowercase alphanumeric addresses no longer than 90 characters, with "d0" style human-readable prefixes and a six-character checksum.[6] All official wallets are non-custodial, meaning and private keys are stored only on the user's side; keys are generated per the BIP39 standard on the secp256k1 elliptic curve, using a 24-word seed phrase.[6] Wallet applications are available for desktop browsers, Android and iOS, alongside a console client (an executable named deccli that acts as a REST server and light ) and a Telegram wallet bot.[6]​[3]​

The Decimal Console aggregates the network's user-facing services, including the wallet, coin conversion (buy/sell of any Decimal coin), delegation, masternode management, coin issuance, a calculator for simulating coins, offline broadcast, status, and API/SDK access.[6] The Explorer stores data in PostgreSQL, with Workers parsing events into an index and duplicating master data to slave databases queried through a horizontally scalable load balancer.[6]​

Cross-Chain Transfers

Decimal supports cross-chain swaps between itself, and Binance Smart Chain, with the six supported directions being Decimal-to-Ethereum, Ethereum-to-Decimal, Decimal-to-BSC, BSC-to-Decimal, BSC-to-Ethereum and Ethereum-to-BSC; coins must originate in Decimal to be transferred out and back.[6] No exchange rate is applied — sending 10 DEL results in 10 DEL on the target chain. Each swap consists of two transactions, on the source and target chains, with both fees paid by the sender; the recipient pays nothing and can receive a transfer even into an empty wallet.[2] On the source chain the coins are sent to a freezing address or, for tokens on Ethereum and BSC, burned by a to prevent duplication, after which the equivalent token is issued or unfrozen on the target chain, all automatically.[6] The 2022 white paper described near-term plans to extend transfers to other Cosmos chains via IBC, naming the Keplr wallet and the Osmosis as integration targets.[2]​

DEL Token and Monetary Policy

DEL is the native coin required to execute all program logic on the chain — sending coins, creating custom tokens, delegating and paying . It can be held as a wallet balance or locked as the reserve backing a custom coin.[2] The white paper states plainly that DEL cannot serve as a means of payment in the real world and is valuable only within the Decimal because it gives access to platform services.[2] The company reports transfers settle in about six seconds and cannot be canceled by the sender.[4] At the August 2020 sales start, one DEL was priced at 15 Russian rubles, or 0.20 USD at the exchange rate of 73.78 rubles per dollar.[7]​

New DEL is created as a to , which is then shared proportionally with the users who delegated coins to them.[1] The economics guide characterizes the monetary policy as "mixed — inflationary with limited issuance," with issuance growing exponentially over nine years, after which no further base rewards are paid.[7] The reward comprises a base reward plus the sum of transaction fees in the block. The base reward began at 50 DEL and increases every 432,000 blocks — roughly every 30 days — on a rising schedule: by 5 DEL in the first year, 17 in the second, and increasing step-sizes up to 101 DEL in the ninth year, culminating in a final base reward of 5,769 DEL at block 46,656,000.[6]​[7] In the tenth year, base rewards cease entirely and only transaction fees remain.[2] As a documented historical point, the reward per block reached 85 DEL in March 2021.[6]​

At launch the contained a premine of 200,000,000 DEL: each of the four starting received 40,000,000 DEL (160,000,000 in total), and the remaining 40,000,000 DEL was sold to project investors.[6] The economics guide states total planned issuance of 92,075,616,000 DEL, of which 65,248,832,000 DEL forms the initial nine-year supply.[7] Elsewhere the project has stated total emission is limited to 94 billion coins, with the possibility of raising it if validators vote to do so, since the team continuously implements improvements through decentralized validator voting.[1] Half of every confirmed transaction's commission is burned, permanently removing coins from circulation.[2]​

Transaction fees follow a two-part model: a fixed rate per transaction type plus a per-byte charge, where one unit equals 0.001 DEL and each byte costs two units (0.002 DEL). A simple send is priced at 10 units (0.01 DEL) before per-byte costs, with observed real totals of about 0.41 DEL per send in testing.[7] The 2022 white paper proposed a dynamic fee system pegged to the US dollar, targeting roughly $0.04 for a native DEL transfer, with an service reading DEL/USD prices from rating agencies such as , , CoinMarketRate and CoinPaprika and recalculating the DEL-denominated fee as the exchange rate moved.[2]​

DEL has been audited by .[1]​

Decimal Smart Chain

The Decimal Smart Chain is described as the second generation of the network, adding an EVM module to enable and (dApps).[2] The EVM allows creation of , and tokens and interaction with Ethereum-like , including collateral-free ERC-20 tokens that need no DEL reserve and can be built either by developers in or by non-programmers through Decimal's tools.[2] The Smart Chain is intended to open up DeFi services including a , DAO governance, an algorithmic and a launchpad.[2]​

The planned on-chain DEX would allow exchange of ecosystem coins and participation in , echoing designs like and .[2] The projected launchpad is described as a crowdfunding platform for projects and investors, offering simplified initial DEX offering (IDO) mechanics and guaranteed listing.[2] The algorithmic design relies on economic incentives and an : when the token's value rises, minting and selling new coins is profitable, and when it falls, burning and repaying loans is rewarded, with critically low positions liquidated at auction.[2]​

The 2022 roadmap sequenced these features across smart-contract deployment and dynamic commissions in Q3 2022; and Ledger integration and collateral-free token creation in Q4 2022; IBC coin and NFT bridges to Cosmos, a Uniswap-style DEX and the launchpad in Q1 2023; the algorithmic stablecoin and DAO in Q2 2023; an sidechain with IPFS in Q3 2023; and a browser-extension wallet in Q4 2023.[2] The noted that Decimal developed a Ledger application for the DEL coin, which was undergoing vendor audit as of August 2022.[2]​

Custom Coins and Tokenization

The core product of Decimal is the ability to create custom coins, each backed by a reserve of DEL that guarantees instant liquidity. A creator (a "coiner") sets three key parameters at creation: an initial and maximum issuance, a reserve amount in DEL, and a Constant Reserve Ratio (CRR).[2] The CRR — a value between 10% and 100% that cannot be changed for the life of the coin — governs the shape of the coin's price curve as it is bought and sold, using a bonding-curve formula.[7] A coin with a 100% CRR remains stable relative to DEL, always redeemable at the same price, while lower CRRs produce steeper, more volatile price curves.[7]​

A coin's reserve can never fall below 1,000 DEL, and the network transactions that would breach that floor.[7] Maximum supply for a custom coin cannot exceed one quadrillion (1,000,000,000,000,000) units, and each unit is divisible into 10^18 fractions; the smallest fraction of DEL itself, 10^-18 DEL, is called a UNI.[7] Creating a coin costs a one-time fee that scales inversely with ticker length: 1,000,000 DEL for a three-letter ticker, 100,000 DEL for four letters, 10,000 for five, 1,000 for six and 100 DEL for seven-to-ten-letter tickers.[7]​

Because custom coins are backed by DEL, transaction fees can be paid in the custom coin itself, and coins can be burned to reduce supply — which raises the price of the remaining coins while leaving the DEL reserve intact.[2] The white paper illustrates the mechanism with the BitTeam token (BTT), used as a customer reward and loyalty point: it carries a maximum emission of 500,000 BTT, an initial reserve of 1,200 DEL and an 80% CRR, with 20% of BitTeam's quarterly revenue used to buy back and the token.[2]​

Decimal also supports and SFTs, which can be created, sent, stored, burned and even delegated to . An NFT is a unique token proving ownership, while an SFT is issued in limited collections and is interchangeable only within its own collection.[6] Users can attach files in formats including .png, .jpeg, .gif, .mp3, .mp4 and .ai, and can mark tokens private so that only the owner can access the full file while others see only transaction data in the Explorer. Files are stored by default on Decimal's own secure servers, with users able to supply their own storage via API, and the team planned to add IPFS distributed storage.[6]​

Governance and Decimal DAO

Decimal governs the network through a structure intended to move it from centralized to decentralized management, a transition the project described as being in its final stage.[8] DECIMAL PTE. LTD. retains certain functions, including compliance and listings, and was completing licensing and preparing to release an algorithmic .[8] To seed the DAO, the project transferred 80% of the total issue — about 2.7 billion coins — into the DAO, where they are staked to generate rewards that the DAO's participants control by vote.[8]​

The Decimal DAO is a hierarchical body composed of a Main Governance DAO that sets strategy and policy; a Treasury managing funds, budgets and investments; a Marketing department attracting new members and partners; a Technical Department maintaining the platform and ; and a Security Committee.[8] The Security Committee has no more than 15 members — up to 8 and 7 significant participants — with the first committee chosen by the development team and later members elected by DAO vote, re-elected twice yearly (January 15–30 and July 1–15); it can take emergency measures against threats to the DAO's structure or voting speed.[8] Network upgrade transactions are sent only from a multisig address managed by the Security Committee.[8]​

Governance authority is held through the DDAO control token, an algorithmic coin built in the Decimal system with a reserve of DEL and a 70% CRR.[8] DDAO is issued across five rounds of 200 million tokens each — the first scheduled for May 14, 2023, each round ending after 45 days or full redemption — for a total of 1 billion tokens, with an initial issuance at creation of 142,500,000 DDAO and a starting reserve of 100,000,000 DEL. Reverse exchange of DDAO back to DEL is not permitted until the fifth round completes.[8] Each DDAO carries one vote; participants need a minimum of 10,000 DDAO staked on their DAO contract to vote or submit proposals, and participation rewards are paid quarterly in whichever treasury-held token wins a vote.[8]​

Proposals move through a multi-stage pipeline. A public proposal is posted to the Decimal DAO forum for two weeks and must receive 5% positive votes of all voting addresses to advance to voting, which runs seven days among validators online at its start and requires a majority to pass. It then proceeds to a poll needing a minimum quorum of 10,000,000 votes, at least three days duration and a 1% margin for the winning option. After a successful Snapshot vote, the responsible team has 14 days to prepare a roadmap, implementation concept and effort estimate, which face a decisive 14-day Tally vote requiring more votes for than against and support from at least 5% of voting tokens before resources are reserved by contract.[8] The DAO's own roadmap sequenced finalizing rules and creating the DDAO token in Q2 2023, building the , blog and validator-moderation module in Q3 2023, and implementing Snapshot and Tally voting in Q4 2023.[8]​

Delegation and Validators

Ownership of DEL allows holders to bond, or delegate, coins to a and earn a share of that validator's without running any equipment — a form of participation the project frames as "" without hardware costs.[1] Delegated funds are blocked in the user's account and counted toward the validator's total stake, but the validator cannot spend them.[6] Delegators bear both rewards and penalties in proportion to their stake, and can recall coins through an unbond operation — funds return immediately if the user initiates it, but only after 432,000 (about 30 days) if triggered automatically by a validator or software.[6] Delegators can also move a stake from one validator to another within seven days.[2] Each validator has 1,000 delegation slots, with each coin type filling its own slot; once full, a new delegate must send at least the amount of the smallest slot, and doing so with a larger amount forces the smallest existing slot to be returned to its owner.[6] Validators listed on the Decimal Wiki include CANDY, CRYGAME, DecimalSchool, Investerium, LEGION, PRIDE, PRIDE Games, Plexus, Winwin and X-profit.[4]​

Ecosystem and Developer Tools

Decimal exposes an API and SDK for building scalable , alongside a Golang SDK, and directs developers to open-source repositories to contribute code.[9]​[3] Its documentation set groups services into the Decimal Console for storing, transferring, buying and delegating coins; the Decimal Calculator for planning a coin's issuance, CRR and reserve and simulating buy/sell prices; the API & SDK for integration; the Decimal Explorer for ; and Decimal Status for basic network health.[9]​

The Decimal Wiki catalogues the network's coins and applications. Coins issued on the chain include DEL, DAR, DDAO, BIGBRO, CRYGBOOST, DCSCHOOL, LEGION GAME, MONKEY CLUB, MUSLYMCOIN, POINTPSY, PRIMERY, RRUNION and ZARUBA, while applications and bots include the Decimal Calculator, Decimal Wallet, Decimal Projects, Decimal Crabs, Decimal Monkeys, Decimal Whales and MintCandybot.[4] The economics guide cited a potential combined audience of more than 500,000 users across the related crypto projects Bit.team, Wallbtc and SpaceBot.[7]​

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References (9 sources)

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coinmarketcap.com

Decimal described as blockchain and token constructor by BitTeam and Crypton

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decimalchain.com

Decimal built on Cosmos SDK and Tendermint; developer company details

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decimalchain.com

Create your own coin on Decimal within 3 minutes

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decimalchain.com

Decimal described as a constructor of cryptocurrencies

Sep 16, 2026

[5]
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Sixth anniversary recap of EVM migration, tokenomics rebase, community growth

Sep 16, 2026

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decimalchain.com

Decimal uses Tendermint Core, pBFT consensus and ABCI

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decimalchain.com

Hardware and cloud cost estimates for running a masternode

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decimalchain.com

DAO structure created to move Decimal to decentralized management

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API and SDK for building Decimal-based dApps

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